In terms of network performance, what does latency refer to?

Latency specifically refers to the time delay experienced in a system, particularly in data communications. When discussing network performance, latency is the interval between initiating a request for data and the moment that the first byte of that data begins to transfer. It is a critical aspect of network performance because it directly affects how quickly users can access and interact with data.

For example, in a video call, high latency can result in noticeable delays between what one participant says and when the other hears it, leading to a poor communication experience. Low latency is essential for activities that require real-time interaction, such as online gaming or video conferencing, as it ensures that the flow of information is seamless.

The other terms refer to different aspects of network performance: the amount of data transmitted relates to bandwidth, the speed of the connection refers to how fast data can transfer over the network (usually measured in Mbps or Gbps), and the maximum distance of a network deals with limitations in physical connections and signal strength, rather than time delays in data transfer. Understanding these distinctions helps in diagnosing and optimizing network performance effectively.